Jesse Courtier, MD

Professor
Division Chief, Pediatric Radiology – West Bay
Interim Residency Site Director, UCSF Mission Bay
Interim Director, Pediatric Radiology Fellowship Program
Professor Clinical Radiology

Biography

Jesse Courtier, MD, is the Chief of Pediatric Radiology at UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, and a Clinical Professor in the UCSF Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging. He is responsible for the interpretation of pediatric imaging using multiple modalities including CT, MRI, ultrasound, plain film and fluoroscopy for the thoracic, abdominal/pelvic, and musculoskeletal systems in Pediatric patients.

Dr. Courtier obtained his medical degree from the University of Iowa College of Medicine in 2003 and completed his residency in Diagnostic Radiology at the University of Kansas, Wichita in 2008, followed by fellowships in Abdominal Imaging and Pediatric Radiology at UCSF.

Dr. Courtier’s primary research interests include the investigation of augmented reality applications in medical imaging for use in training and surgical planning, and technique optimization in pediatric body MR applications including MR urography, MR enterography, and fetal MR.

Dr. Courtier has key interests in medical education and has served as the Diagnostic Radiology Residency Site Director of Training for the Mission Bay Hospital, Director of the Pediatric Radiology Fellowship, and Chair of the Radiology Residency Clinical Competency Committee.

He has published 46+ peer-review journal articles as well as several abstracts and educational exhibits. Dr. Courtier is an award-winning educator. He is a past recipient of the Department of Radiology Outstanding Fellow Teaching Award, the Haile T Debas Excellence in Teaching Award, and the Department of Radiology Hideyo Minagi Teaching Award.

Expertise:
Pediatric Radiology; Augmented Reality

Specialty:
CT, MRI, ultrasound, plain film and fluoroscopy in the thoracic, abdominal/pelvic, and musculoskeletal organ systems of pediatric patients

Professional Interests:
Pediatric body MRI, MR enterography, pediatric oncologic imaging, fetal MRI, 3D printing and post-processing, Augmented Reality applications

Education and Training:
• Medical School: University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City
• Internship: University of Hawaii, Honolulu - Preliminary Surgery
• Residency: University of Kansas, Wichita - Diagnostic Radiology
• Fellowship: University of California, San Francisco Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging - Abdominal Imaging
• Fellowship: University of California, San Francisco Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging - Pediatric Radiology
• State of California Medical License
• Diplomate, American Board of Radiology
• Pediatric Advanced Life Support
• Basic Life Support for Health Care Providers
• CAQ (Certificate of Additional Qualification) in Pediatric Radiology

Education

Clinical Fellowship, 2010 - Pediatric Radiology, University of California, San Francisco
Clinical Fellowship, 2009 - Abdominal Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
Residency, 2008 - Radiology, University of Kansas-Wichita
M.D., 2003 - School of Medicine, University of Iowa

Honors and Awards

Catalyst Award - Digital Health, University of California, San Francisco, 2017
Hideo Minagi Oustanding Teacher Award, University of California, San Francisco, 2016
Excellence in Teaching Award, UCSF Academy of Academic Medical Educators, 2013
Minagi Chair – Award to develop resident/medical student educational tools, University of California, San Francisco, 2012
Outstanding Clinical Fellow Teaching Award, University of California, San Francisco, 2010

Publications

Courtier J, Hess CP. Does Pediatric Radiology Need Faster Horses? Rethinking Strategies to Workforce and Workflow. Acad Radiol. 2023 09; 30(9):2046-2049.
C. Kerwin, J. Shin, M. Zapala, J. Courtier, K. Kolli, R. Durand. Abstract No. 575 Safety and Success of Transjugular Liver Biopsies in Children: A Single Tertiary Care Center Experience. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2023 Mar 1; 34(3):s163.
Jesus Uribe, Derek Harmon, Benjamin Laguna, Jesse Courtier. Augmented-Reality Enhanced Anatomy Learning (A-REAL): Assessing the utility of 3D holographic models for anatomy education. Annals of 3D Printed Medicine. 2023 Feb 1; 9:100090.
Chen JV, Zapala MA, Zhou A, Vu N, Meyer L, Smith MD, Kelleher C, Glenn OA, Courtier J, Li Y. Factors and Labor Cost Savings Associated with Successful Pediatric Imaging without Anesthesia: a Single-Institution Study. Acad Radiol. 2023 09; 30(9):1979-1988.
Liu AR, Gano D, Li Y, Diwakar M, Courtier JL, Zapala MA. Rate of head ultrasound abnormalities at one month in very premature and extremely premature infants with normal initial screening ultrasound. Pediatr Radiol. 2022 05; 52(6):1150-1157.
Sugi MD, Penna R, Jha P, Poder L, Behr SC, Courtier J, Mok-Lin E, Rabban JT, Choi HH. Müllerian Duct Anomalies: Role in Fertility and Pregnancy. Radiographics. 2021 Oct; 41(6):1857-1875.
Mignote Yilma, Karen Trang, Marisa Schwab, Max Bowman, Mark Sugi, Jesse Courtier, Laurence Baskin, Doruk Ozgediz. A case of prenatally diagnosed prune belly syndrome variant and congenital pouch colon in the United States: A case report. Journal of Neonatal Surgery. 2021 Sep 25; 10:45-45.
Hung NJ, Theologis AA, Courtier JL, Harmon D, Diab M. Ureteral injury following anterior thoracolumbar spinal instrumented fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a case report with CT angiography analysis of surgically relevant anatomy. Spine Deform. 2021 11; 9(6):1691-1698.
Dallas-Orr D, Penev Y, Schultz R, Courtier J. Comparing Computed Tomography-Derived Augmented Reality Holograms to a Standard Picture Archiving and Communication Systems Viewer for Presurgical Planning: Feasibility Study. JMIR Perioper Med. 2020 Sep 24; 3(2):e18367.
Edwards EA, Lee MM, Acord MR, Courtier J. Abdominal Applications of Pediatric Body MR Angiography: Tailored Optimization for Successful Outcome. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020 07; 215(1):206-214.
Benjamin Laguna, Kristin Livingston, Ravinder Brar, Jason Jagodzinski, Nirav Pandya, Coleen Sabatini, Jesse Courtier. Assessing the Value of a Novel Augmented Reality Application for Presurgical Planning in Adolescent Elbow Fractures. Frontiers in Virtual Reality. 2020 Jan 1; 1:528810.
Chang F, Laguna B, Uribe J, Vu L, Zapala MA, Devincent C, Courtier J. Evaluating the Performance of Augmented Reality in Displaying Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Derived Three-Dimensional Holographic Models. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci. 2020 03; 51(1):95-102.
Zapala MA, Livingston K, Bokhari D, Phelps AS, Courtier JL, Ma C, Seo Y, MacKenzie JD. Improved diagnostic confidence and accuracy of pediatric elbow fractures with digital tomosynthesis. Pediatr Radiol. 2020 03; 50(3):363-370.
Subbaraj L, Beleniski F, Courtier J, Vartanian S, Nijagal A. Congenital superior mesenteric artery aneurysm in a 6-week-old infant presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. J Vasc Surg. 2020 04; 71(4):1391-1394.
Chapman MC, Soares BP, Li Y, Shum DJ, Glenn OA, Glastonbury CM, Courtier JL. Congenital Oral Masses: An Anatomic Approach to Diagnosis. Radiographics. 2019 Jul-Aug; 39(4):1143-1160.
Uppot RN, Laguna B, McCarthy CJ, De Novi G, Phelps A, Siegel E, Courtier J. Implementing Virtual and Augmented Reality Tools for Radiology Education and Training, Communication, and Clinical Care. Radiology. 2019 06; 291(3):570-580.
Andrew Phelps, Cynthia Tan, Saveen Ahuja, Dean Kolnick, Jesse Courtier, John D MacKenzie. Visualization of pleural fissures in infants on computed tomography. World Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 2019 Feb 1; 2(1):e000034.
Wagle S, Gu JT, Courtier JL, Phelps AS, Lin C, MacKenzie JD. Value of dedicated small-field-of-view sacroiliac versus large-field-of-view pelvic magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating pediatric sacroiliitis. Pediatr Radiol. 2019 06; 49(7):933-940.
Zaccagnino E, Devincent C, Leelakanok N, Phelps AS, Zapala M, Worters PW, Courtier J. Assessment of quiet T2 weighted PROPELLER sequence in pediatric abdominal imaging. Clin Imaging. 2019 Jan - Feb; 53:12-16.
DuBois SG, Mosse YP, Fox E, Kudgus RA, Reid JM, McGovern R, Groshen S, Bagatell R, Maris JM, Twist CJ, Goldsmith K, Granger MM, Weiss B, Park JR, Macy ME, Cohn SL, Yanik G, Wagner LM, Hawkins R, Courtier J, Lai H, Goodarzian F, Shimada H, Boucher N, Czarnecki S, Luo C, Tsao-Wei D, Matthay KK, Marachelian A. Phase II Trial of Alisertib in Combination with Irinotecan and Temozolomide for Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Neuroblastoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2018 12 15; 24(24):6142-6149.
Busby LP, Courtier JL, Glastonbury CM. Bias in Radiology: The How and Why of Misses and Misinterpretations. Radiographics. 2018 Jan-Feb; 38(1):236-247.
Edwards EA, Pigg N, Courtier J, Zapala MA, MacKenzie JD, Phelps AS. Intussusception: past, present and future. Pediatr Radiol. 2017 Aug; 47(9):1101-1108.
Leelakanok N, Phelps AS, Zapala MA, Kato K, Ohliger M, Li Y, Courtier J. Assessing 3D T2 FSE sequence for identification of the normal appendix: working toward a single-sequence MR appendicitis protocol. Emerg Radiol. 2017 Dec; 24(6):653-660.
Poynton CB, Lee MM, Li Y, Laszik Z, Worters PW, Mackenzie JD, Courtier J. Intravoxel incoherent motion analysis of renal allograft diffusion with clinical and histopathological correlation in pediatric kidney transplant patients: A preliminary cross-sectional observational study. Pediatr Transplant. 2017 Sep; 21(6).
Oates A, Ahuja S, Lee MM, Phelps AS, Mackenzie JD, Courtier JL. Pediatric renal transplant biopsy with ultrasound guidance: the 'core' essentials. Pediatr Radiol. 2017 Nov; 47(12):1572-1579.
Courtier J, Rao AG, Anupindi SA. Advanced imaging techniques in pediatric body MRI. Pediatr Radiol. 2017 May; 47(5):522-533.
Li Y, Lee MM, Worters PW, MacKenzie JD, Laszik Z, Courtier JL. Pilot Study of Renal Diffusion Tensor Imaging as a Correlate to Histopathology in Pediatric Renal Allografts. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2017 Jun; 208(6):1358-1364.
Villanueva-Meyer JE, Naeger DM, Courtier JL, Hope MD, Lambert JW, MacKenzie JD, Phelps AS. Pediatric chest CT at chest radiograph doses: when is the ultralow-dose chest CT clinically appropriate? Emerg Radiol. 2017 Aug; 24(4):369-376.
Leelakanok N, Zapala MA, Edwards EA, Phelps AS, Mackenzie JD, Courtier J. Incidental Findings on Pediatric Abdominal Magnetic Resonance Angiography. Acad Radiol. 2017 09; 24(9):1107-1113.
Kim W, Courtier J, Morin C, Shet N, Strauch E, Kim JS. Postnatal MRI for CDH: A pictorial review of late-presenting and recurrent diaphragmatic defects. Clin Imaging. 2017 May - Jun; 43:158-164.
Phelps A, Ramachandran R, Courtier J, Perito E, Rosenthal P, MacKenzie JD. Ultrasound elastography: is there a shear wave speed cutoff for pediatric liver fibrosis and inflammation? Clin Imaging. 2017 Jan - Feb; 41:95-100.
Courtier J, Webb EM, Phelps AS, Naeger DM. Assessing the learning potential of an interactive digital game versus an interactive-style didactic lecture: the continued importance of didactic teaching in medical student education. Pediatr Radiol. 2016 Dec; 46(13):1787-1796.
Ehman EC, Phelps AS, Ohliger MA, Rhee SJ, MacKenzie JD, Courtier JL. Detection of bowel inflammation with fused DWI/T2 images versus contrast-enhanced images in pediatric MR enterography with histopathologic correlation. Clin Imaging. 2016 Nov - Dec; 40(6):1135-1139.
Li Y, Phelps A, Zapala MA, MacKenzie JD, MacKenzie TC, Courtier J. Magnetic resonance imaging of Müllerian duct anomalies in children. Pediatr Radiol. 2016 May; 46(6):796-805.
Steven G. DuBois, Araz Marachelian, Elizabeth Fox, Rachel A. Kudgus, Joel M. Reid, Susan G. Groshen, Jemily Malvar, Rochelle Bagatell, Lars M. Wagner, John M. Maris, Randall Hawkins, Jesse Courtier, Hollie Lai, Fariba Goodarzian, Hiroyuki Shimada, Najee Boucher, Scarlett Czarnecki, Denice D Tsao-Wei, Katherine K. Matthay, Yael P. Mosse. Phase II study of alisertib, irinotecan, and temozolomide in children with relapsed and refractory neuroblastoma: A report from the New Approaches to Neuroblastoma Therapy (NANT) consortium. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2016 May 20; 34(15_suppl):10556-10556.
Ho ML, Courtier J, Glastonbury CM. The ABCs (Airway, Blood Vessels, and Compartments) of Pediatric Neck Infections and Masses. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2016 May; 206(5):963-72.
DuBois SG, Marachelian A, Fox E, Kudgus RA, Reid JM, Groshen S, Malvar J, Bagatell R, Wagner L, Maris JM, Hawkins R, Courtier J, Lai H, Goodarzian F, Shimada H, Czarnecki S, Tsao-Wei D, Matthay KK, Mosse YP. Phase I Study of the Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor Alisertib in Combination With Irinotecan and Temozolomide for Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Neuroblastoma: A NANT (New Approaches to Neuroblastoma Therapy) Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Apr 20; 34(12):1368-75.
Phelps AS, Gould RG, Courtier JL, Marcovici PA, Salani C, MacKenzie JD. How Much Does Lead Shielding during Fluoroscopy Reduce Radiation Dose to Out-of-Field Body Parts? J Med Imaging Radiat Sci. 2016 Jun; 47(2):171-177.
Patel MV, Leibowich S, Courtier JL, Rhee S, MacKenzie JD. Disodium gadoxetate uptake in progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type I: Enhancing our understanding of the cholestatic disease. Radiol Case Rep. 2013; 8(1):661.
Lambert JW, Phelps AS, Courtier JL, Gould RG, MacKenzie JD. Image quality and dose optimisation for infant CT using a paediatric phantom. Eur Radiol. 2016 May; 26(5):1387-95.
Courtier J, Cardenas A, Tan C, Towne M, Rhee SJ, Heyman MB, MacKenzie JD. Nonanesthesia magnetic resonance enterography in young children: feasibility, technique, and performance. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2015 Jun; 60(6):754-61.
Anupindi SA, Podberesky DJ, Towbin AJ, Courtier J, Gee MS, Darge K, Dillman JR. Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: imaging issues with targeted solutions. Abdom Imaging. 2015 Jun; 40(5):975-92.
Barajas RF, Phelps A, Foster HC, Courtier J, Buelow BD, Gupta N, Nicolaides T, Glenn OA, Banerjee A. Metastatic Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma to the Peritoneal Cavity Via Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt: Case Report and Literature Review. J Neurol Surg Rep. 2015 Jul; 76(1):e91-6.
Basta AM, Courtier J, Phelps A, Copp HL, MacKenzie JD. Scrotal swelling in the neonate. J Ultrasound Med. 2015 Mar; 34(3):495-505.
DuBois SG, Groshen S, Park JR, Haas-Kogan DA, Yang X, Geier E, Chen E, Giacomini K, Weiss B, Cohn SL, Granger MM, Yanik GA, Hawkins R, Courtier J, Jackson H, Goodarzian F, Shimada H, Czarnecki S, Tsao-Wei D, Villablanca JG, Marachelian A, Matthay KK. Phase I Study of Vorinostat as a Radiation Sensitizer with 131I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG) for Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Neuroblastoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2015 Jun 15; 21(12):2715-21.
Yanik GA, Villablanca JG, Maris JM, Weiss B, Groshen S, Marachelian A, Park JR, Tsao-Wei D, Hawkins R, Shulkin BL, Jackson H, Goodarzian F, Shimada H, Courtier J, Hutchinson R, Haas-Koga D, Hasenauer CB, Czarnecki S, Katzenstein HM, Matthay KK. 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine with intensive chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation for high-risk neuroblastoma. A new approaches to neuroblastoma therapy (NANT) phase II study. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2015 Apr; 21(4):673-81.
DuBois SG, Allen S, Bent M, Hilton JF, Hollinger F, Hawkins R, Courtier J, Mosse YP, Matthay KK. Phase I/II study of (131)I-MIBG with vincristine and 5 days of irinotecan for advanced neuroblastoma. Br J Cancer. 2015 Feb 17; 112(4):644-9.
Courtier J, Cardenas A, Tan C, Towne M, Rhee SJ, Heyman M, MacKenzie JD. Non-Anesthesia MR Enterography in Very Young Children-Feasibility, Technique and Performance. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2015 Jan 05.
Phelps AS, Naeger DM, Courtier JL, Lambert JW, Marcovici PA, Villanueva-Meyer JE, MacKenzie JD. Pairwise comparison versus Likert scale for biomedical image assessment. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2015 Jan; 204(1):8-14.
Jeanty C, Derderian SC, Courtier J, Hirose S. Clinical management of infantile cholelithiasis. J Pediatr Surg. 2015 Aug; 50(8):1289-92.
Lin C, MacKenzie JD, Courtier JL, Gu JT, Milojevic D. Magnetic resonance imaging findings in juvenile spondyloarthropathy and effects of treatment observed on subsequent imaging. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2014; 12:25.
Steven G. DuBois, M. Shelly Allen, Melissa Bent, Joan Hilton, Fabienne Hollinger, Jesse Courtier, Randall Hawkins, Yael P. Mosse, Katherine K. Matthay. Phase II study of 131 I-MIBG with vincristine and 5 days of irinotecan for patients with relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2014 May 20; 32(15_suppl):10033-10033.
Andrew S Phelps, Sarah E Umetsu, Tara B Karamlou, Philip C Ursell, Jesse L Courtier. Congenital pulmonary airway malformation with severe hyperinflation in patient with tetralogy of fallot. Research. 2014 May 13; 1.
Naeger DM, Straus CM, Phelps A, Courtier J, Webb EM. Student-created independent learning modules: An easy high-value addition to radiology clerkships. Acad Radiol. 2014 Jul; 21(7):879-87.
Koc G, Courtier JL, Phelps A, Marcovici PA, MacKenzie JD. Computed tomography depiction of small pediatric vessels with model-based iterative reconstruction. Pediatr Radiol. 2014 Jul; 44(7):787-94.
Cheng LS, Courtier J, MacKenzie TC. Anal duplication in a one-year-old girl. J Pediatr Surg Case Rep. 2013 Oct 01; 1(10):373-374.
Courtier J, Ohliger M, Rhee SJ, Terreblanche O, Heyman MB, MacKenzie JD. Shooting a moving target: use of real-time cine magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of the small bowel. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2013 Oct; 57(4):426-31.
Anupindi SA, Terreblanche O, Courtier J. Magnetic resonance enterography: inflammatory bowel disease and beyond. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2013 Nov; 21(4):731-50.
Koc G, Courtier JL, Kim JS, Miniati DN, MacKenzie JD. Intra-abdominal inverted umblical cord in gastroschisis: a unique ultrasound finding. Pediatr Radiol. 2014 Jan; 44(1):109-11.
Patel AS, Soares B, Courtier J, Mackenzie JD. Radiation dose reduction in pediatric CT-guided musculoskeletal procedures. Pediatr Radiol. 2013 Oct; 43(10):1303-8.
A.S. Patel, J.S. Kim, J. Courtier, J.D. Mackenzie. Educational Exhibit Abstract No. 337 Blood pool MRI contrast agent use in pediatric patients for vascular imaging. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2013 Apr 1; 24(4):s146.
Schecter SC, Courtier J, Cho SJ, Saadai P, Hirose S, Mackenzie TC, Miniati D. Hepatic portocholecystostomy for biliary atresia: a 25-year follow-up and review. J Pediatr Surg. 2013 Jan; 48(1):262-6.
Courtier J, Robbins E, Soares B, Horvai A, Mackenzie JD. Primary mixed malignant tumor of bone in an 18-year-old male: Report of a case with radiologic-pathologic correlation. J Bone Oncol. 2012 Dec; 1(3):101-5.
Courtier J, Schauer GM, Parer JT, Regenstein AC, Callen PW, Glenn OA. Polymicrogyria in a fetus with human parvovirus B19 infection: a case with radiologic-pathologic correlation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Nov; 40(5):604-6.
Behr SC, Courtier JL, Qayyum A. Imaging of müllerian duct anomalies. Radiographics. 2012 Oct; 32(6):E233-50.
Shue EH, Soares B, Courtier J, Hogue J, Shimotake T, MacKenzie TC. Type IV intestinal atresia, congenital bilateral perisylvian syndrome, and chronic pulmonary hypertension secondary to multiple vascular disruption syndrome in a monochorionic twin. J Pediatr Surg. 2012 Oct; 47(10):1938-42.
Cabarrus M, Sun YL, Courtier JL, Stengel JW, Coakley FV, Webb EM. The prevalence and patterns of intraluminal air in acute appendicitis at CT. Emerg Radiol. 2013 Jan; 20(1):51-6.
Nijagal A, Jelin E, Feldstein VA, Courtier J, Urisman A, Jones KD, Lee H, Hirose S, MacKenzie TC. The diagnosis and management of intradiaphragmatic extralobar pulmonary sequestrations: a report of 4 cases. J Pediatr Surg. 2012 Aug; 47(8):1501-5.
Jordan E, Poder L, Courtier J, Sai V, Jung A, Coakley FV. Imaging of nontraumatic adrenal hemorrhage. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012 Jul; 199(1):W91-8.
Tariq U, Poder L, Carlson D, Courtier J, Joe BN, Coakley FV. Multimodality imaging of fat-containing adrenal metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Nucl Med. 2012 Jun; 37(6):e157-9.
Courtier JL, Perito ER, Rhee S, Tsai P, Heyman MB, MacKenzie JD. Targeted MRI contrast agents for pediatric hepatobiliary disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2012 Apr; 54(4):454-62.
Shin DS, Poder L, Courtier J, Naeger DM, Westphalen AC, Coakley FV. CT and MRI of early intrauterine pregnancy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011 Feb; 196(2):325-30.
Saeed M, Plett S, Kim GE, Daldrup-Link H, Courtier J. Radiological-pathological correlation of pleomorphic liposarcoma of the anterior mediastinum in a 17-year-old girl. Pediatr Radiol. 2010 Dec; 40 Suppl 1:S68-70.
Courtier J, Poder L, Wang ZJ, Westphalen AC, Yeh BM, Coakley FV. Fetal tracheolaryngeal airway obstruction: prenatal evaluation by sonography and MRI. Pediatr Radiol. 2010 Nov; 40(11):1800-5.
Courtier J, Ali K. Case 151: hereditary angioedema in the duodenum. Radiology. 2009 Nov; 253(2):564-9.
Jesse Courtier, Kamran Ali. Case 151. Radiology. 2009 Jul 1; 252(1):306-308.